A. Definition
Growth is the increase or the amount of cells throughout the body that are quantitative and measurable.
The development is the increasing perfection of organ function by knowing the growth and development if we can see the growth and development of normal children.
B. Factors Affecting Child Growth
1. Genetic
2. Environment
3. Health status of children in the family
C. General appearance
1. Physical appearance is viewed face and facial expressions and appearance of the child
2. Maintaining nutrition and improving the life functions of the body's growth and development and to maintain and improve health.
3. Including behavioral appearance, activity level, reactions to strees for others, response to stimuli.
4. Skin color studied the structure, temperature humidity turgor
5. Neck if there is swelling of the glands under the jaw
6. The eyes that were examined whether there infeksim
7. The ears are symmetrically located, or is there an infection
8. Nose is swollen, there is the possibility of infection of the fluid
9. Mouth and throat if there tonsils or pharynx
10. Abdominal hernia Femoral whether, if bloated, how clean
11. Genetalia In women visits: state of the vulva, labia, vagina, ureters, are there signs of infection in men: state of the penis, Glan psnis form, the situation is symmetrical scrotum, how bladder smooth or tida
12. Things anus anal canal. Is there haemoroid, prolapse, etc.
13. Limb
14. Is symmetric or not, complete or not, especially the fingers, clean nails, feet and hands.
D. Factors that affect growth and perkembanga
• heredity factors such as sex and race
• Includes environmental factors of culture, nutrition, physiological activity, the order of the child's family xdalam parents mampengaruhi attitudes toward children, the deviation from good health such as illness and accidents
• Internal Environmental Factors
Include: hormones, emotions, relationships means of parents, intelligence has a physical growth with physical growth.
E. Regulate food 1-5 year olds
Used principles:
• Raw food source of calories must be met either from basic food, oil and fatty matter and sugar
• Provide a source of vegetable and animal protein
• Do not force your child eat food that is not preferred, given food that is acceptable
• Provide snack given morning, noon and night
F. Assessment of growth and development and appropriate child development
In order to assess child growth and development according to its stages, we need to use the measurements to the sound card antopometri
Anthropometric measurements
Measurements of anthropometry is the measurement used to determine the nutritional state of a person. to obtain the correct results provided a benchmark as a guide. The guidelines for determining anthropometric nutritional state is a state of the selected parameters and recommended that include an assessment of the age and weight, body length, or height, upper arm circumference. And this measurement using a standard reference to Indonesia. Age limit of age used in full (complete year) and for children aged 0-2 years of age used in full (year completed)
1. Weighing Weight Loss
Weigh kinds of weight loss:
- The scale automatic stamp / do not automatically
- Weights for automatic baby. / Do not automatically
- Balance suspension
- Balance complete with height gauge
How to use the scales
- Weights placed a flat place, while the scales hanging on the branches or a strong beam house and installed a pair of scales
- The scale is set up to show the numbers 0
- Weights for babies given pengalas, and weighed and weight recorded.
- If the baby is weighed in a state does not try to dress. Children who should be weighed wearing light as possible, sandals, open shoes.
- When weighed infants and children in a state of calm (on the baby do not fall). In a difficult child can be weighed weighing his mother first, and then the mother with her child.
- Children stand in the middle without holding and touching something
- Accuracy weighing 0.1 kg
- Having in mind the weight and then recorded to determine body length or height
Measurements conducted
- Various kinds of measurement of body length or height
- Measurement of height, which is part of the scales
- Measuring a child's height up to adult
- Baby's height measurements were made of wood / aluminum
- Measurement of height, made of a tape measure
2. Body length measurements
- Measuring devices placed a flat place
- A baby put to sleep on measuring instruments
- The head is placed such that the top of the head is limited by the stated gauge heights
- Baby's legs pulled straight, knees pressed
- Measure the length from the top of the baby's head to the body and record the results
How to measure Length / Height Children / Youth
- Shoes, sandals, open
- Children stand up straight, feet parallel with the meter, heels and buttocks against the back of the head to the wall or pole in the upright position looking forward.
- Place the ruler on top of the head to form a right angle with the wall or pole measuring
- See the results and note
- Accuracy 1 cm
Way of interpretation, the measurement results obtained and then matched with the reference standard 85% higher when including nutrition badab normal for 70-85% inggi agencies including lack of nutrition. If 70% higher body including malnutrition.
3. Upper Arm Circumference Measurement
- Measured in the mid-upper left arm
- The arm is idle
- Measuring tape placed around the arm, not loose and tight tiidak.
To a toddler can use a tape measure upper arm circumference, made of cellulose or of no further use of plastic coated paper.
How to Use It
a. If the arm circumference below 12 cm below the numbers (red color), including poor nutrition
b. When the upper arm circumference between 12-13,5 cm (yellow), including lack of nutrition
c. When the upper arm circumference of 13.5 cm rate (green), including normal nutrition
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