Factors Affecting the Development of Intellect

The first view recognizes that intelligence is the talent factor, called the flow of Nativism, whereas the second Padangan which states that intelligence can be influenced by the environmental flow is called empiricism (Sunarto and Hartono, 2002: 106).
According to Andi Mappiare (in Sunarto and Hartono, 2002: 106), the things that affect the intellectual development, among other things:
1) Increased information stored (in the brain) a person that he was able to think reflectively
2) The number of experiences and exercises to solve the problem so that one can think proportionally.
3) The success in thinking, cause a person of courage in formulating hypotheses that radical, freedom to explore the overall problem, and support the courage and resolve child draw new conclusions and correct.
Three conditions are in accordance with the fundamentals of Piaget's theory of the development of intelligence, namely:
1) The function of intelligence, including the process of biological adaptation.
2) The increase in age led to the development of new intelligence structure, which also influence the occurrence of qualitative changes.
According to Piaget (http://www.ziddu.com/downloadlink/2824726/tugas teoripeageatedit.pdf) there are four factors that affect cognitive development / intellectual development, namely:
1) The physical environment
Contact between individuals with the physical environment is necessary because the interaction between the individual and the outside world will generate new sources of knowledge. But contact with the physical environment was not enough to develop new knowledge, unless that individual intelligence can take advantage of the experience.
2) Maturity
The maturity of the nervous system is important because it enables children to gain maximum benefit from physical experience.
3) Social Environment
The next aspect is the aspect of social environment including the role of language and education. Experience gained from the social environment through language and observation will be able to stimulate or inhibit cognitive development.
4) The process of self-control (equilibration)
The process of intellectual development of a person walking from disequilibrium to equilibrium through assimilation and accommodation. Equilibration is a balance between assimilation and accommodation so that one can integrate out the experience dalamya structure (schemata).
Description:
- Schema / schemata are cognitive structures by which a person continues to adapt and mental development in interaction with the environment. The scheme also serves as the categories for identifying stimuli which come and growing.
- Assimilation is a process of cognitive change in the scheme while still maintaining the original, only adding or detailing.
- Accommodation is the process of establishing the scheme or because the initial concept is not suitable anymore.

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